01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - In a large bowl, whisk together flour, baking soda, salt, and sugar until well combined.
03 - Stir in raisins or currants until evenly distributed throughout the flour mixture.
04 - Create a well in the center of the flour mixture. Pour in buttermilk and melted butter. Mix gently with a wooden spoon or hands until shaggy dough forms; avoid overmixing.
05 - Turn dough onto a lightly floured surface. Gently knead just until it comes together, approximately 30 seconds.
06 - Shape dough into a round loaf approximately 7 inches across. Place on prepared baking sheet.
07 - Using a sharp knife, cut a deep X across the top about ½ inch deep to allow proper expansion during baking.
08 - Bake for 35-40 minutes until loaf is golden brown and sounds hollow when tapped on the bottom.
09 - Transfer to a wire rack and cool for at least 20 minutes before slicing.