01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or foil for easy cleanup.
02 - Arrange asparagus in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet. Drizzle with olive oil, then sprinkle with salt and pepper. Toss to coat evenly.
03 - Roast in the preheated oven for 12-15 minutes, until asparagus is tender and slightly crisp at the tips.
04 - Remove from oven. Immediately sprinkle with Parmesan cheese while hot, then toss gently to coat.
05 - Grate lemon zest over the asparagus and squeeze over half the lemon juice (about 1 tbsp), adjusting to taste.
06 - Transfer to a serving platter, garnish with chopped parsley if desired, and serve immediately.